3D Printed Nipple Areola Complex for Mastectomy Patients | Tissue Engineering & Biomaterials Laboratory

Two bioinks (GelMA and MC-PEG) are co-printed in various patterns to create a hybrid regenerative scaffold. The GelMA bioink is composed of gelatin methacrylate polymers that can be crosslinked via UV light exposure when photoinitiator LAP is present. Fibroblasts can be encapsulated within the GelMA bioink and serve as a biodegradable region for host dermal integration. The MC-PEG synthetic ink is a double polymer network composed of methylcellulose autonomously interacting with its hydrophobic groups and poly(ethylene) glycol covalently crosslinked upon UV exposure. Image and text are from reference (168).

Led by Amal Shabazz and Lexi Christensen

The goal of this project is to use biomaterials to develop a 3D-printed nipple areola for patients with breast cancer that mimics the structural properties of natural tissue, is vascularized, and can integrate with the body. A radical mastectomy is a surgical option for breast cancer patients that involves the complete removal of the breast and nipple tissue. This often leads to psychological and emotional damage for these patients that can carry on for years. Bioprinting is an attractive approach to address this issue, as it allows for the unique ability to deposit cells and materials layer-by-layer to create complex structures such as the nipple. Published data from our lab shows our ability to develop a 3D-printed nipple-areola complex that can retain shape over time and mimic the mechanical properties of the natural nipple. We are expanding on our hybrid 3D printing platform that incorporates: 1) a nondegradable, synthetic material for long-lasting mechanical support in the nipple, and 2) a degradable, natural material for the encouragement of cell attachment and tissue ingrowth. The long-term goal of this project is to develop a viable 3D-printed nipple-areola complex that serves as an aesthetic landmark for breast cancer patients.